Monday, March 29, 2004

libstdc++ and compatibility


I've been studying the C/C++ build and I think I learned some things:
  • glibc is inextricably linked with the Linux operating system. You can't run with a new glibc.
  • LD_LIBRARY_PATH can affect libc, but cannot affect ld-linux.so.2 (ld-2.3.2.so). It seems you can get around this with chroot, but then you have other problems.
  • glibc 2.3.2 has the symbol GLIBC_PRIVATE which is in ld-2.3.2.so, but not inld-2.2.x.
  • libstdc++ 3.2 (it comes with g++ 3.2) requires glibc 2.3. Redhat 7 ships with 2.2 or earlier. See previous point. You cannot take a libstdc++ from Redhat 9 and run it on Redhat 7 unless you upgrade glibc and just about everything else in the OS, at which point it's not really Redhat 7.
  • libstdc++ is more than STL. It's the C++ runtime and STL. Therefore STLport can never replace libstdc++.
  • I can chroot with Redhat 7 (actually Mandrake 8) and get my Redhat 9 compiled binary and libstdc++ 3.2 shared object. However, once I do that I can't do things like read /proc or modify /etc which is something we need to do.
  • Starting with g++ 3.2, libstdc++ is attempting to be forward/backwards compatible in its ABI where possible. At this point compatibility was completely broken.
  • Redhat 9 ships with compat-libstdc++ which contains the C++ runtime libraries for gcc 2.96 as used in Redhat 7.3. This means C++ stuff compiled on Redhat 7 will work on Redhat 9, but only when this package is installed.
  • glibc works very well forward/backwards compatibility-wise, with the GLIBC_2.0,GLIBC_2.1, etc. symbols. If you build a binary that is C only, it's probably going to run anywhere, as long as it's glibc v2 or better, preferably glibc v2.1.
  • It is impossible to statically link libstdc++ into an executable when exceptions are thrown/caught. This is because symbols such as _Unwind_DeleteExceptionexist in libgcc.so but do not exist in libgcc.a.

No comments:

Post a Comment